Founded in 1565 by the Order of St John as a refuge for soldiers returning from the Crusades, Valletta is now the capital of Malta and a piece of living history. With an unsurpassed collection of original Baroque architecture, fortified city walls overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, and the spectacular Co-Cathedral of St John, which features intricately carved stone vaults and a famed painting by Caravaggio, it is no wonder that this smallest of European capital cities is a world heritage site.

One of the three principal islands of the Maltese archipelago, the island of Malta is the largest of the chain. Its capital Valletta, a lively, bustling city with many buildings dating back to the 16th century, teems with cathedrals, palaces and forts. The impressive Grand Harbour offers a dramatic arrival. The top archaeological attraction is the UNESCO-designated Hypogeum temple ruins, a macabre, 5400-square-foot underground necropolis and the world's only underground prehistoric temple.

Part of the Maltese archipelago, Gozo is the second-largest of the seven-island chain and basks in the Mediterranean off the coast of Sicily. More rural than its sister island, Malta, Gozo has a population of 31,000. Home to some of the oldest religious structures in the world, the fascinating Ggantija temples, the island offers dramatic orange-red sands and perfect snorkeling waters at striking Ramla Bay. Rickety buses ply Gozo's roads, making getting about the island an exciting component of your trip.

Boasting Medieval fortresses, Roman aqueducts, Mediterranean coastline, endless vineyards and expansive national parks, a visitor could spend a lifetime exploring sunny Languedoc-Rousillon. Sitting on the geographic divide between the Iberian peninsula and mainland Europe, the regions towns and cities, including beautiful Carcassonne, Nimes and Montpellier, are connected by paths both ancient and new. Hike Via Domitia, a Roman road, or rent a barge for a trip down the Canal du Midi.

Set on a pass between the northern and southern sections of the Teutoburg Forest, Bielefeld is home to about 325,000 people. Sparrenberg Castle, one of the main attractions, dates from the 13th century, as do the Altstädter Nicolaikirche (St. Nicholas' Church) and the Neustädter Marienkirche (St. Mary's Church). The city also figures prominently in the Bielefeld Conspiracy, a German internet joke that the town does not actually exist, but is rather an elaborate alien or government conspiracy.

Perched serenely on the banks of a sparkling river, Eskilstuna is a charming medieval city in southeast Sweden. The trees near the towering Klosters church boast great puffs of pink blossoms, making for cinematic springtime. The Parken Zoo features animals from all over the world, including an impressive Komodo Dragon.